While there are many ways to explore the inviting city of Lisbon, one of the most exciting and unique experiences is taking a Tuk Tuk tour. These small, three-wheeled vehicles allow you to navigate Lisbon’s narrow streets with ease, providing an intimate and immersive way to discover its hidden gems. Let’s take a look at the 5 best tuk tuk tours of Lisbon for your next trip to the Portuguese capital.
This tour is a great way to discover the vibrant city of Lisbon in a unique and eco-friendly way. This delightful adventure takes you on a journey through the city’s iconic landmarks, historic neighborhoods, and cultural hotspots. With a knowledgeable guide at the wheel, you’ll delve into Lisbon’s rich history, soak up its enchanting atmosphere, and create unforgettable memories along the way.
This 4-hour tour takes you on captivating journey through the streets of Lisbon with a local guide. This unique experience combines the charm of a traditional tuk-tuk ride with the expertise of a local, allowing you to discover the city’s iconic landmarks, hidden gems, and fascinating stories. You can even personalize your itinerary beforehand. Stop at the quaint Time Out Market, Belem Tower, and more.
If you’re a history lover, this is the tour for you. This 2-hour historical tour is an intimate experience that takes you through the city’s hidden stories, landmarks, and architectural gems. You will get to delve into the rich history of Lisbon as you explore its narrow streets and beautiful neighborhoods of Chiado and Bairro Alto. The tour includes a stop at the National Pantheon and picturesque viewpoints.
For those looking for a fully private and personalized tour of the capital, this tuk tuk tour could be perfect. With a local guide, you can personalize your tour while still getting a unique perspective on the city’s cultural heritage, landmarks, and neighborhoods. You will get to enjoy the original custard tart and visit places such as the oldest bookstore in the world and more.
Another environmentally friendly experience, this 1-hour tour on an electric tuk tuk is a popular one in Lisbon. Enjoy a sustainable journey through the city’s iconic landmarks, historic neighborhoods, and panoramic viewpoints with local guides. Some highlights of the tour include the Lisbon Cathedral and the Commerce Square.
EasyJet has canceled 350 flights departing from Portugal between July 21st and July 25th due to a scheduled strike.
Last Thursday, the National Union of Civil Aviation Flight Personnel refused the airline’s proposal for a budget increase and scheduled a cabin crew strike for the period mentioned above.
The union demands conditions similar to those granted in other countries, such as Germany and France. In these two countries, EasyJet increased budgets even though the number of flights increased more in Portugal.
The airline, on the other hand, states that the demands of the union are unbearable and that the refused budget proposal already reflected an increase of 44% considering the global remuneration standards. According to the company, the union’s budget demands are unrealistic.
Nevertheless, the union emphasized that EasyJet’s proposal for Portugal’s operational base does not cover the current inflation and does not make up for what was lost during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Note that, unlike other countries where the airline operates, during the pandemic, Portuguese cabin crew workers voted unanimously for a wage freeze that helped the company in its most difficult times.
The 350 flights account for 69% of the total number of EasyJet flights that would depart from Portugal (Lisboa, Porto, and Faro) during the period mentioned above. This number may increase, or decrease, depending on how the airline responds.
The union mentioned that it is available for further negotiations. However, it is clear that it will not cope with the airline’s current modus operandi of maximum rentability and minimum remuneration.
Surfing has experienced an explosive surge in popularity. In recent years, it has established itself as a prominent sport within the global sporting landscape. What was once considered a niche activity confined to coastal communities has now transcended and gained worldwide interest.
With a unique blend of artistry, athleticism, and connection to nature, surfing has carved its place in the hearts of both athletes and spectators. This newfound popularity has led to its inclusion as an official sport in the Olympic Games. The explosion of surfing has also fostered a vibrant community, inspiring individuals from all walks of life to embrace the culture.
Portugal has firmly established itself as one of the world’s top surfing destinations. The country attracts wave enthusiasts from every corner of the globe. With its privileged geographical position along the Atlantic Ocean, Portugal offers a remarkable combination of diverse waves and consistent swells. From the stunning coastline to the welcoming surf communities, the country can be considered a paradise for surfers of all levels.
In this article, we will reveal the top 5 surf spots in Portugal, where wave quality, variety, and consistency come together to deliver a complete surfing experience. But it’s not just the waves that make Portugal’s top surf spots extraordinary. The country’s natural beauty, its surfing infrastructure, and the thriving communities also play a big part.
From the surf schools to the surf shops and surf-themed events, Portugal offers an experience that goes beyond the act of riding waves. Join us as we delve into the heart of Portugal’s surf paradigm, synonymous with world-class wave riding and unforgettable moments.
Whether you’re a seasoned professional, an intermediate surfer looking to progress, a beginner catching the first waves, or a passionate spectator, Portugal has the perfect spot waiting for you.
Below, we will provide you with an overview of each zone, together with the best spots, respective wave types, and surf schools. Let’s take a look at the top 5 surf spots in Portugal!
Peniche is widely regarded as one of the top surfing spots in Portugal. The town itself is located on a small peninsula, surrounded by the Atlantic on three sides. One of the main factors for its status is Supertubos, a regular stop on the World Surf League (WSL) Championship Tour.
Peniche offers a wide range of surf breaks, suitable for different skill levels. The high level of wave consistency throughout the season makes it an appealing destination for those seeking reliable experiences. Moreover, the well-established surfing infrastructure and the deeply rooted community provide an even more solid experience.
This spot is a world-class beach break with a shallow sand bottom, high-class barrels, and hollow waves. It is one of Europe’s most famous beach breaks, with powerful waves ideal for professional surfers.
Supertubos. Photo by Phil Stanier (Unsplash)
Praia da Consolação
Right next to Supertubos, this break offers a diverse wave. It starts slow, but as the wave starts breaking on top of the rock bottom, it becomes faster and forms a barrel. As the waves are usually less heavy than the ones in Supertubos, it is ideal for intermediate surfers.
Praia da Consolocao. Photo by Matthias Koch (Unsplash)
Praia do Baleal
This beach offers very flexible and consistent types of waves. This beach break is more mellow than the ones above, less organized, and less powerful. It offers different wave sizes, which makes it the best option for those beginning their surfing experience.
Baleal. Photo by Kristian Klausen (Unsplash)
Surf Schools in Peniche
Supertubos West Surf is a surf school and Bed and Breakfast right in front of Supertubos. It offers a wide range of services, from airport pick up and drop off, to surfing lessons, rentals, and sightseeing trips.
Surf School Tribo do Mar, located in Praia da Consolação, is a surf and SUP school. This school offers surfing lessons, surf guides, provides wave information, and rents material.
Baleal Surf Camp was Portugal’s first established surf camp. It is a family-run business, right on the beach, which offers accommodation, surf camps, surfing lessons, and surf rentals.
Nazaré is an old fishing village that sits along Portugal’s central coastline, a bit further north than Peniche. In the last decade, it has become one of the world’s most famous spots thanks to its giant waves. It is a place for wave spotting, more than a place for actual surfing. Its characteristics make it very harsh for any non-professional surfer. Even seasoned professionals may have a hard time.
During the winter, this town hosts the world’s best big wave surfers, who look to challenge themselves on what has been considered the largest wave on the planet. Some, such as the Hawaiian surfer Garret McNamara, protagonist of the 100 Foot Wave documentary, have even made it their home. However, Nazaré also has beaches suitable for the average surfer.
Top Surf Spots in Nazaré
Praia do Norte
This is the beach that brought Nazaré to the international stage. The North Canyon, a massive underwater trench that extends from the coastline to the Atlantic, is the main catalyst for the formation of the massive waves. As large swells approach the coastline, they encounter the geological feature whose shape and depth causes the waves to refract, amplifying their size and energy.
Praia do Norte. Photon by Karim Sakhibgareev (Unsplash)
Praia do Sul
This beach is where every non-big wave professional surfer may practice the sport. Similar to Baleal, in Peniche, this beach break offers a range of waves suitable for different skill levels. Providing both lefts and rights, Praia do Sul has consistent and fun waves throughout the year.
Praia do Sul. Photo by Arturas Kokorevas (Pexels)
Surf Schools in Nazaré
Zulla Nazaré Surf Village is a hotel located near Praia do Norte. It offers a wide range of services, including surfing lessons and rentals. It is a customer-oriented immersive surfing experience for both athletes and lovers of the sport.
Soul Surf School, located in Praia do Sul, is a typical surf school. It offers surf lessons and rentals. Currently, it does not have a direct website.
Ericeira holds the title of being a World Surfing Reserve. One of its notable strengths is the abundance of surf breaks offering diverse wave characteristics. It is a place of surf heritage that offers consistent surfing conditions throughout the year, suitable for every preference and skill level.
From beach breaks to point breaks and reef breaks, Ericeira has it all. It allows surfers to explore very different options within a close distance. This blend, together with the loving surf community and the well-developed infrastructure make Ericeira one of the most appealing surf destinations in Portugal.
This spot, located near Praia da Empa, offers excellent wave quality. It is known for producing consistent, powerful, and hollow waves. The reef break creates fast and barrelling waves that are ideal for intermediate and professional surfers who seek an adrenaline-pumping surfing experience.
Ericeira. Photo by Samuel Jerónimo (Unsplash)
Ribeira d’Ilhas
This beach is renowned for its exceptional wave quality and consistency. It is a point break that produces long and consistent waves. The fact that it creates waves of different sizes, depending on the swell, makes it a versatile and reliable choice, ideal for any skill level.
Ericeira. Photo by Jarno Colijn (Unsplash)
Coxos
Praia dos Coxos is considered one of the best right-hand point breaks in Europe. With its powerful and fast-breaking waves, it is ideal for high-performance surfing. The quality and consistency of the waves make it a very reliable choice. However, their long and steep walls and barrel sections make it a place for advanced surfers looking for challenging and dynamic sessions.
Photo by Jardno Colijn (Unsplash)
Surf Schools in Ericeira
Surf 365 Ericeira is a family-run surf school near Pedra Branca. It is accredited by the Portuguese Surf Federation. The school offers surfing lessons for beginners and intermediates, as well as a kids club for toddlers.
Ericeira Waves Surf School, located at Ribeira d’Ilhas beach, has a team of both local and international surf enthusiasts. It offers surfing lessons for beginners and intermediate surfers, as well as in-land water safety briefings.
Progress Surf School Ericeira, located near Coxos Beach, offers a wider variety of services. From airport transfers to surfing lessons, guides, rentals, and surf apnea curses.
Lisbon and Cascais benefit from a favorable geographical location on the central coast of Portugal. The region is exposed to a wide range of swells from the Atlantic Ocean, which result in consistent surf conditions throughout the year. The mix of beach breaks, reef breaks, and point breaks, together with the excellent wave quality, and different wave types make it suitable for all skill levels.
From more mellow waves for beginners to powerful waves for professionals, this area is suitable for all preferences. Moreover, the well-established culture and the developed infrastructure further solidify the reliability of the experience.
This area consists of a long stretch of coastline with multiple beaches and point breaks. It benefits from consistent swells from the Atlantic Ocean, which result in a reliable supply of waves all year around. Along the beach and point breaks, surfers can find a large variety of wave types. From smaller and more mellow waves for beginners to larger and more powerful waves for professionals, Costa da Caparica has something for everyone.
Costa da Caparica. Photo by Alexandre Contador (Unsplash)
Carcavelos
This beach is renowned for its wave quality and consistency throughout the year. Its beach breaks, together with the Atlantic swells, produce long, well-formed, and powerful waves, which are known for their speed. This combination makes Carcavelos an ideal spot for surfers looking for a challenging and dynamic experience. Although, not as much as Coxos, in Ericeira. However, depending on the conditions, it can also be perfect for beginners and intermediate surfers.
Carcavelos. Photo by Zachary Pearson (Unsplash)
Guincho
This spot is known for its wave quality and consistency throughout the year. Even though the swells ensure a steady supply of waves, it is usually less organized than the ones above. However, when the conditions are favorable, it produces powerful, well-formed waves that attract surfers of all levels. Guincho is also known for its offshore winds, primarily the northwest wind known as ‘Nortada’. These wind conditions groom the waves and contribute to the reliability of the spot.
Photo by GuinchoLocals IG@guincholocalsofficial
Surf Schools in Lisbon & Cascais
Gota DAgua Surf School, in Costa da Caparica, provides surfing lessons, surf tours, and rentals. It has instructors for all levels.
Cascais Wave Riders, located near Carcavelos Beach, has existed for over a decade and is accredited by the Portuguese Surf Federation. It provides a wide variety of services, from accommodation to surfing lessons, rentals, surf camps, and coaching.
Salty Souls Surfschool is located near Guincho Beach. The school provides accommodation, surfing lessons, surf camps, kids camps, and rentals.
Like the above, Sagres, which is situated on the southwestern tip of Portugal, is also a surfer’s paradise. The region offers a wide variety of wave types. From powerful reef breaks to mellow beach breaks, it can be the perfect option for surfers of all levels. The combination of quality waves, diverse surf breaks, and consistent conditions throughout the year makes it a top surf destination. Moreover, its laid-back and welcoming atmosphere, together with the strong sense of community make sure the experience is unforgettable.
Praia da Ponta Ruiva is considered one of the best surf spots in Sagres mainly due to its consistency and quality. The spot offers a powerful and hollow right-hand reef break that can produce fast and barrelling waves. Compared to other more popular spots, Ponta Ruiva tends to be less crowded. Even though it can get busy, it generally offers a quieter atmosphere. This combination of features makes it the perfect spot for experienced surfers looking for challenging and high-performance sessions.
Ponta Ruiva Beach. Photo by Tino Rischawy (Unsplash)
Praia do Amado
This beach is exposed to a wide range of swell directions, making it possible to find quality waves in various conditions consistently. The variety of wave types and their consistency, together with its beach break feature make it appealing for surfers of all levels who want to catch waves regularly during the surf sessions.
Photo by Dennis Mita (Unsplash)
Surf Schools in Sagres
Wavy Surf Camp Portugal, located in Parque de Campismo Orbitur Sagres, is integrated into Sagres’ natural environment. It offers accommodation, surfing lessons, surf camps, and activities such as yoga, sightseeing, skateboarding, and others.
Amado SurfCamp, near Praia do Amado, also offers a wide variety of services. From various types of accommodation to surfing lessons and surf guides, it promises a pleasant experience for surfers of all levels.
Bear in mind that it is impossible to rank these five spots. Choosing one of the best surf spots in Portugal will depend on the preferences of the one making the decision. One thing is guaranteed, the combination of wave consistency, wave quality, and natural beauty will provide an extraordinary experience wherever you decide to go.
The Portuguese Council of Ministers approved a law proposal for pardons and acts of clemency for young people on June 19th, 2023. The proposal for the new law was passed ahead of Pope Francis’ World Youth Day visit in Lisbon.
The Portuguese Parliament approved it three weeks later. After the second approval, it was sent to the Commission for Constitutional Matters, Law, Rights, and Warranties, for the proposal to be finished.
Even though there are still some details to discuss, like the targeted age gap, for example, the actions being taken can be perceived as mirroring the church’s message of unconditional love.
Given the Vatican’s emphasis on love and forgiveness, when the Pope visits a country, the visit may be seen as an opportunity for the host nation’s leaders to reflect this aspect of catholic teaching. By offering pardons and/or acts of clemency, heads of state and governments can demonstrate their commitment to reconciliation and remedy.
The difference between a pardon and an act of clemency lies in the fact that, whilst clemency refers to the mechanism by which the punishment for a crime is officially reduced, pardoning is the official forgiveness of a crime.
A pardon is a form of clemency, but it requires complete forgiveness. Given the different nature of the crimes and punishments, visits tend to trigger both forms of action.
This practice, which has been named Papal Amnesty by the Portuguese media, did not come out of nowhere. In the past, rulers sought the support of the Vatican through pardons, and acts of clemency that served as acts of goodwill towards the Pope and the catholic community. However, over time, especially after France’s legislative separation of the state and the Catholic Church, it became more of a customary part of pope visits.
Pope Francis will be in Portugal during the first week of August for World Youth Day, also known as Jornada Mundial da Juventude in Portuguese. This event is characterized as the meeting of the Pope with young people from all over the world.
The days are, according to the Pope, an opportunity to ‘look beyond’, with an ‘open heart’. Although Portugal is a secular country, meaning it is not influenced politically by any particular religion, the Portuguese government chose to follow the custom and propose pardons and acts of clemency for the Pope’s visit.
As the pope is visiting for World Youth Day, Portugal decided to love and forgive young people. Offering pardons and acts of clemency, the Portuguese state also chose to reflect the Pope’s loving and forgiving view towards the youth, where possible criminal activities and/or thoughts are, according to the Pope, often of transitory and short nature.
Note that in today’s world, the power to make such decisions ultimately rests with heads of state or governments themselves. The Pope’s visit simply presents an opportunity for them to exercise their authority in a way that is aligned with the principles of love and forgiveness mentioned above.
It is also worth mentioning that specific protocols and bureaucracy surrounding pope visits and acts of clemency may vary from country to country, and each government may decide how the state will participate in this custom or tradition.
The initial proposal approved by the Portuguese Council of Ministers included a one-year pardon for prisoners under the age of 30 years old serving sentences up to 8 years, a full pardon for convicts within the same age gap serving sentences of less than 1 year, and the pardoning of those who have been given fines of less than 1.000€.
That was the starting point. However, due to the specific bureaucratic procedure and the questions laid out by the Portuguese Parliament, the final version of the new law, and its details, will only be known when it comes out of the Commission and is approved once again.
If you’re planning a visit to Setubal, you’re in for a treat. From clear-watered beaches to incredible vineyards, Setubal has something to offer every kind of traveler. And when it comes to finding the perfect place to stay, Setubal boasts a diverse range of accommodation options, including cozy guesthouses and luxurious resorts. Let’s take a look at the 5 best hotels in Setubal for your next trip to the region.
A 1-minute walk from the beach, Hotel Casa Palmela is a 5-star hotel offering luxury suites and villas. The hotel features a restaurant, an outdoor swimming pool, a bar, as well as free private parking for guests. Guests can relax in the shared lounge and access the 24-hour front desk. The suites come equipped with air conditioning, a flat-screen TV, a desk, and a private bathroom. The hotel offers two and three-bedrooms that can host up to 6 people, featuring a kitchen, a balcony, and two bathrooms.
A small glamping spot in the nature reserve of Gambia near Setubal, Rêves Étoilés offers stunning tents that provide a luxurious experience, taking camping to another level. The tens come equipped with a private bathroom that features a hot tub, bathrobes, and free toiletries, as well as air-conditioning. The glamping property features a bar, shared lounge, garden, and terrace. Guests can enjoy a continental breakfast daily at the camp.
Looking for an entire home for yourself, rather than a hotel? Casa Atelier is a 160m2 home located less than 3 kilometers from Praia da Saude and 4 kilometers from Albarquel Urban Park. The property feature stunning sea and city views that guests can enjoy from the terrace. The holiday home features 3 bedrooms, a flat-screen TV, a kitchen with a dishwasher and washing machine, and a modern bathroom.
A 12-minute walk from the beach, Fran Pacheco 39 features apartments in Setubal to rent. Less than 2 kilometers from Museu de Setubal, Fran Pacheco 39’s units come equipped with air-conditioning, a flat-screen TV, a living room with a sofa, a kitchen, a dining area, as well as a private bathroom. The flats also feature a dishwasher and coffee machine for your morning coffee.
A 9-minute walk from the beach, Quinta dos Moinhos de Sao Filipe offers stunning views of the ocean. The property includes a series of traditional Portuguese windmills, featuring 4-people villas, offering a room, living room, kitchenette, and panoramic sea views. The rooms at the property have a traditional interior with wooden furniture, air-conditioning, a seating area, and a private bathroom. Guests can enjoy a delicious continental breakfast at the property.
Portuguese cheeses are well-known worldwide for their unique flavors and aromas. Luckily, if you’re a cheese lover planning a visit to Portugal, you will find a variety of high-quality cheeses everywhere, from large supermarkets and local mercearias to restaurants of all prices.
Just like wines, many kinds of Portuguese cheese have received protected designation of origin (DPO) labels. This certification is given to products made in specific regions using traditional techniques and ingredients. It ensures that the entire manufacturing process follows the rules regarding milk sourcing, animal breeds, and more.
If you’re getting a DOP cheese, you’re getting the real thing, which all the cheeses on this list fall under. However, keep in mind that Portugal also has other amazing cheeses that do not have the DOP label.
Let’s take a look at 8 Portuguese cheeses to taste on your next trip!
1. Serra da estrela cheese
Probably the most well-known cheese in Portugal, produced in the highest mountain range on the mainland, Serra da Estrela, a pastoral region. It is one of the beloved and most famous Portuguese cheeses. The name itself reveals its origin: it is produced in the mountains located in the center of the country.
To earn the DOP classification, the milk used in its production must come from the sheep raised in the region. The milking is done manually, and then the milk is heated, curdled, and cured with thistle flowers.
Due to its delicate flavor and creamy texture, it is often served with bread, toast, and crackers. Just make a hole in the top of the cheese, spread it with a knife, and enjoy!
By the way, don’t be surprised by the strong aroma of Serra da Estrela cheese, it is also one of the characteristics that make it special.
2. Azeitão cheese
Azeitão cheese also falls into the category of creamy cheeses, produced from sheep’s milk and thistle flowers. This cheese comes from Azeitão, a village located less than an hour away from the capital, Lisbon. Although it has a similar manufacturing process and appearance to Serra da Estrela cheese, it is lighter and has a slightly milder flavor.
It is usually served at room temperature. Simply cut it in half, then slice it into small pieces and let the creamy texture slowly ooze out. It pairs perfectly with homemade bread and a glass of red wine.
3. Transmontano goat cheese
The Transmontano goat cheese can only be made with raw goat milk from the Serra breed. The cheese itself has an intense white color and a hard consistency, maturing for at least sixty days at a medium to low temperature. It also has a slightly spicy flavor.
You can find the semi-cured variety, which is younger, and the older and harder variety, typically aged between ninety days to two years, often rubbed with olive oil or paprika. For an even more complete experience, pair this cheese with traditional Transmontano rye bread or some tasty jam!
4. Serpa cheese
From the Baixa Alentejo region, what makes Serpa cheese unique is the time it takes to age which is a period between 4 months to 2 years. Produced from raw sheep’s milk, its characteristics vary greatly.
Depending on the aging time, it can have a consistency that ranges from buttery to hard. Its spicy and slightly sweet touch comes from paprika. If it is creamy, try tasting it as a spread with some delicious Alentejo bread.
5. São Jorge cheese
Also known as Quejo da Ilha (Island Cheese), this cheese is produced on the Island of São Jorge in the Azores archipelago. São Jorge cheese is probably one of the most unique cheeses of all in Portugal, as its flavor sets it apart from other cheeses.
The highlight lies in its production using raw milk, unlike other cheeses made from pasteurized or filtered milk. The result is a semihard texture with a yellow shell and a lightly spicy flavor.
6. Évora cheese
Produced in Évora in the Alentejo, this cheese is made from raw sheep’s milk and has distinctive characteristics, particularly a smooth, yellow crust with small holes. The salty taste is balanced by a slight spiciness.
The maturation process takes 30 days for the semi-hard varieties and 90 days for the hard ones. The more aged it is, the more flavorful it becomes. This cheese is usually served in the Alentejo as an appetizer before the main meal.
7. Pico cheese
São Jorge cheese is not the only delicious cheese from the Azores, but also the cheese from Pico. Historical records show that it has been produced in the Azores since the 18th century.
Traditionally, it was made exclusively from raw cow’s milk, but nowadays there are mixed productions that also incorporate goat’s milk in the process. The curing process takes a minimum of twenty days, and the entire process has been passed down from generation to generation.
The cheese is semi-soft and quite fatty, with a distinctive salty taste and a strong aroma. It is usually served accompanied by Pico wine at the beginning or end of meals.
8. Nisa cheese
The Nisa cheese from Alto Alentejo is made from raw sheep’s milk and coagulated with thistle infusion. It undergoes a two-stage curing process: the first at a lower temperature and the second at a slightly higher temperature, never exceeding 14°C.
After one or two months of aging, the cheese becomes semi-hard and yellowish, with an intense flavor and a tangy finish. The production of this cheese remains purely artisanal to this day.
It’s perfect for snacking while enjoying a classic Alentejo wine. It is also commonly used in the preparation of quiches and traditional dishes.
Portugal is a country steeped in literary tradition, with a rich history of poets and writers who have helped shape the country’s culture and identity. From epic poems that celebrate the country’s maritime achievements to deeply personal books on the human condition, Portuguese literature is unique and impactful.
This article explores the lives and works of 7 iconic Portuguese writers and poets, each of whom has made a significant contribution to the country’s literary history. Let’s get into their life, writing styles, major works, and the impact they have had on Portuguese heritage.
Keep in mind that the order of this list is just for entertainment purposes as all of these are iconic Portuguese writers and poets, which are impossible to rank. Whether you’re a bookworm or a lover of history, let’s get into it!
1. Fernando Pessoa
Perhaps the most famous literary figure in Portugal, Fernando António Nogueira Pessoa, most commonly known as Fernando Pessoa, was a poet and writer from the 20th century. His work was translated into English and French and known all over the world.
Pessoa did not write only under his name, as he had around 75 heteronyms (instead of pseudonyms). He felt heteronyms better suited his work as each “writer” was independent intellectually and had its own story to tell.
However, there were three heteronyms that Pessoa used the most: Alberto Caeiro, Ricardo Reis, and Álvaro de Campos. Caeiro was an uneducated poet from rural Portugal who wrote in free verse, while Reis was a doctor inspired by the poet Horace. Campos, one of his most famous, was a bisexual naval engineer who lived in London.
Unlike other writers, Pessoa wrote his first poems in English as he went to school in South Africa. Of the four literary works he published during his lifetime, three were in English and only one was in Portuguese, called Mensagem.
One of the works he is most known for, the Book of Disquiet, was actually only published after his death. Originally published in Portuguese in 1982, this book was Pessoa’s lifetime project, described as a “factless autobiography”.
Pessoa died at 47 in 1935 due to liver failure, which most historians accredit to his alcoholism.
Statue of Fernando Pessoa in Lisbon, Portugal. Photo by Pedro Ribeiro Simões (Flickr)
2. José Saramago
Praise by the likes of Harold Bloom and James Wood, José Saramago was the recipient of the 1998 Nobel Prize in Literature. Saramago sold more than two million copies in Portugal and his work has been translated into 20+ languages. His work was highly reflective of his political beliefs as a libertarian communist who criticized institutions such as the Catholic Church.
His writing what quite unique, featuring an experimental style with long sentences. In some of his works, he used to write sentences that were more than a page long. He preferred the flow of commas over periods. The dialogue in his stories is often not delimited by quotation marks. Instead, when the speaker changes, Saramago would capitalize the first letter of the new speaker’s clause.
For most of his career as a writer, Saramago was not known to most. He only received recognition in his 60s with the publication of his fourth novel, Memorial do Convento in 1982. This book received international praise.
However, his work was often met with resistance. In the early 90s Prime Minister Cavaco Silva’s government ordered the removal of Saramago’s work, The Gospel According to Christ from the Aristeion Prize’s shortlist due to it being “religiously offensive”. This led Saramago to move to the Spanish island of Lanzarote where he lived with his wife until his death in 2010.
Saramago continued writing up to his death in his late 80s, having had a work published after his death in 2011 called Claraboia.
José Saramago in 2005. Photo by Mario A. P. (Flickr)
3. Luis de Camões
Considered one of the Portuguese language’s greatest poets, Luis de Camões’ skill has been compared to the likes of Shakespeare and Dante. Camões’ work can be divided into three genres: lyrical, epic, and theatrical.
His lyrical work was some of the most popular, with his cantos, in particular, a principal form of division in medieval and modern long poetry. Moreover, his writing was filled with numerous sources in Greco-Roman mythology, ancient and modern European history, and classical literature, particularly Homer and Virgil.
Camões’ most famous work, Os Lusiadas, is an epic poem that describes Vasco da Gama’s voyage to India and back, published in 1572. This masterpiece is considered the most important text in the Portuguese language and is mandatory reading in most Portuguese schools.
In addition to “Os Lusiadas,” Luis de Camões produced a substantial body of work in other genres. His lyrical poetry includes sonnets, eclogues, and odes, which often explore themes of love, nature, and mortality. One of his most famous works in this genre is “Sonnets,” a collection of 88 sonnets that cover a range of subjects, from politics to personal reflection.
Camões also wrote several plays, including “El Rei Seleuco,” a historical drama based on the life of Seleucus I Nicator, one of Alexander the Great’s generals. Unfortunately, most of his theatrical work has been lost.
Despite the range and quality of his work, Camões struggled to earn a living from his writing and spent much of his life in poverty.
4. Eça de Queiróz
A 19th-century Portuguese writer and journalist, José Maria de Eça de Queiroz is often credited with helping to modernize Portuguese literature, bringing social criticism to the genre. Eça de Queiroz’s works often explore the themes of corruption, hypocrisy, and the decline of Portuguese society during the 19th century.
Eça de Queiroz’s writing style is characterized by its realism and satirical tone. He often used humor and irony to criticize the societal norms and traditions of his country, earning him both praise and criticism. Queiroz was also known for his ability to create vivid characters and settings that captured the essence of Portuguese life during his time.
His most famous work is “Os Maias” (The Maias), a novel published in 1888. The book tells the story of a wealthy Portuguese family and their decline over three generations. It is considered a masterpiece of Portuguese literature, one that everyone knows.
Eça de Queiroz wrote several other works that explored similar themes, such as “The City and the Mountains” and “The Crime of Father Amaro.”
5. Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen
One of Portugal’s greatest poets of the 20th century, Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen was a trailblazing figure in Portuguese literature at a time when the talent of female writers was dismissed.
Andresen’s work often explored themes of love, nature, and freedom and her writing style was marked by her use of clear, simple language and vivid imagery, which allowed her to convey complex emotions and ideas clearly.
Andresen’s most famous work is “Mar Novo” (New Sea), a collection of poems that was published in 1958. The book is considered a masterpiece of Portuguese literature and is often cited as one of the greatest works of the 20th century.
In addition to “Mar Novo,” Andresen wrote several other collections of poetry, including “Coral” and “Dual,” which continued to explore themes of love, nature, and the human experience. She also wrote essays and children’s books, including “The Mermaid’s Purse” and “The Gentleman’s Garden.”
Andresen’s career was marked by numerous awards and honors, including the Camoes Prize, Portugal’s highest literary award, which she received in 1999.
She continued to write and publish throughout her life, and her work has had a significant impact on Portuguese literature and culture. She passed away in 2004 at the age of 84, leaving behind a legacy as one of Portugal’s greatest literary figures.
Statue of Sophia de Mello de Mello Breyner Andresen at Parque dos Poetas, Oeiras. Photo by Pedro Ribeiro Simões (Flickr)
6. Almeida Garrett
Once a government minister, Almeida Garrett was a prominent figure in 19th-century Portuguese romantic literature due to his poems and plays. Garrett was known for his elegant writing style and his ability to capture the essence of Portuguese culture and history in his work.
Garrett’s most famous work is the play “Frei Luis de Sousa,” which tells the story of a nobleman who is wrongly accused of treason and sentenced to death. The play is a masterpiece of Portuguese literature and is still performed regularly in Portugal and other Portuguese-speaking countries.
In addition to “Frei Luis de Sousa,” Garrett wrote numerous other plays, poems, and novels, many of which were highly acclaimed in his time. His work often dealt with political and social issues. Garrett was known for his fierce opposition to the conservative monarchy and his support for liberal reform.
Garrett was appointed as the Minister of the Interior in the Portuguese government, but his political career was cut short when he died in 1854 at the age of 48.
7. Florbela Espanca
Known as one of Portugal’s first feminists, Florbella Espanca was a poet and writer who had a profound impact on Portuguese literature in the early 20th century.
Espanca was known for her powerful and emotive writing style, which dealt with themes of love, desire, and the search for meaning in life. She often used vivid imagery and metaphor to explore the complexities of human experience and to express her own innermost feelings.
Espanca’s most famous work is the poetry collection Livro de Soror Saudade, which is considered a masterpiece of Portuguese literature. The collection explores the themes of love, loss, and longing, and it is noted for its beauty, passion, and intensity.
Espanca also wrote several other poetry collections and a novel, As Máscaras do Destino. Her work was highly acclaimed in her time and has continued to be celebrated as a vital part of Portuguese literature and culture.
The author struggled with mental illness all throughout her life. After attempting suicide multiple times, Espanca’s career was cut short when she killed herself at the age of 36 in 1930.
Known as one of the most significant literary figures of the 20th century, Fernando Pessoa is perhaps the most famous poet to come out of Portugal.
A poet, writer, and philosopher, Pessoa’s innovative use of heteronyms, his philosophical explorations of the self, and his experimentation with form continue to inspire readers and writers around the world.
Despite his significance, Pessoa’s work was largely unrecognized during his lifetime. However, after his death, his work gained increasing recognition and critical acclaim, and he is now celebrated as one of Portugal’s greatest writers.
Let’s take a look at the early life of Fernando Pessoa, his work, and the legacy of Pessoa both in Portugal and worldwide.
Early Life
Fernando Pessoa was born on June 13, 1888 in Lisbon, Portugal. His father, Joaquim de Seabra Pessoa, was a music critic, and his mother, Maria Magdalena Nogueira Pessoa, was a housewife.
When Pessoa was just five years old, his father passed away, leaving him and his siblings under the care of their mother, who later remarried. Pessoa’s early life was marked by loneliness, leading him to often withdraw into a world of his own imagination.
Despite his difficult upbringing, Pessoa was an amazing student and displayed an early talent for languages. By the age of six, he was already fluent in Portuguese, English, and French.
Pessoa went on to attend the Durban High School in South Africa, where he learned to speak and write in Afrikaans. After returning to Lisbon in 1905, Pessoa continued his studies at the University of Lisbon, where he pursued a degree in classical languages and literature.
During his university years, Pessoa became involved in the literary and artistic circles of Lisbon, and he began to develop his own literary voice. He published his first poem, “Antinous,” in the literary magazine A Águia in 1912, under the pseudonym Alexander Search. This would become a recurring theme in Pessoa’s literary career, as he would go on to create over 70 distinct literary authors throughout his lifetime.
Pessoa’s Work: Heteronyms and Literary Innovations
Pessoa is known for his unique literary style, characterized by his heteronyms, which were essentially distinct personalities he created for himself as authors of different works. Each heteronym had a unique literary style and biography, and Pessoa would often write entire collections of poetry or prose under their names.
This allowed him to explore a range of literary styles and ideas, and it also made it difficult for critics to pigeonhole his work. Some of Pessoa’s most famous heteronyms include Alberto Caeiro, Ricardo Reis, and Álvaro de Campos.
In addition to his use of heteronyms, Pessoa was also known for his innovative approach to language and form. He experimented with free verse, prose poetry, and other unconventional forms, often blurring the lines between poetry and prose.
He also drew on a wide range of literary influences, from classical mythology to modernist literature, and he was constantly pushing the boundaries of what was considered acceptable in the literary world.
Legacy and Cultural Significance
Pessoa’s work has had a profound influence on Portuguese literature and culture, and his legacy as a writer and thinker continues to be felt around the world.
In Portugal, Pessoa’s influence can be seen in literature, music, and even in popular culture. His work is taught in schools and universities, and he is widely regarded as one of Portugal’s greatest poets.
There are numerous monuments, museums, and cultural events dedicated to Pessoa in Portugal, including the Casa Fernando Pessoa, a museum and literary center dedicated to his life and work.
Pessoa’s legacy also extends beyond Portugal. His work has been translated into numerous languages and has been celebrated by literary critics around the world.
Fernando Pessoa statue in Chiado, Lisbon. Photo by Pedro Ribeiro Simões (Flickr)
Pessoa’s Death
Fernando Pessoa died on November 30, 1935, at the age of 47. The cause of his death was chronic pancreatitis, a painful and debilitating condition that he had suffered from for several years.
Pessoa’s death was a great loss to the world of literature, and it came at a time when he was beginning to gain wider recognition for his work. At the time of his death, he had published very little of his writing, and much of his work remained unpublished.
After Pessoa’s death, his literary executor, João Gaspar Simões, worked tirelessly to preserve and publish his work. Simões’s efforts were instrumental in bringing Pessoa’s work to a wider audience, as after his work was published more widely, he finally received the recognition he deserved.
Portugal, the country with the largest wine consumption in the world, is, unsurprisingly, also renowned for its rich winemaking heritage and incredible wines. From the famous Port wines of Porto to the elegant Vinho Verde, Portugal offers a diverse range of flavors and experiences for wine enthusiasts.
If you’re looking to embark on a wine tasting or wine tour in Portugal, you’re in for a treat. Portugal has plenty of experiences that allow you to immerse yourself in the world of Portuguese wines, explore picturesque vineyards, and visit historic wine cellars. Let’s take a look at the 7 best wine tastings and wine tours in Portugal.
If you’re looking for a wine tour and a visit to a vineyard, Douro is the first place to go. This Douro Valley experience allows you to go on a journey through stunning landscapes, picturesque vineyards, and charming villages, all while indulging in delicious wines, a delightful Portuguese lunch. It even includes the option of a scenic river cruise.
With the help of a local guide, you’ll delve into the history and traditions of this renowned wine region. Learn about the intricate process of winemaking, from the cultivation of the grapes to the art of aging and blending.
A highlight of this tour is the opportunity to sample a selection of exquisite wines at a local winery. The wine tasting session is led by an expert sommelier, helping you gain a deeper appreciation for these wines.
To complement your wine experience, a Portuguese lunch is included at a traditional restaurant. You will get to taste the flavors of authentic regional cuisine, featuring local ingredients that perfectly complement the wines you have tasted.
If you’re visiting Porto, a Port wine tour and tasting is a must. This half-day Port wine tour allows you to discover all about the city’s iconic wine lodges while skipping the lines.
Accompanied by a guide, you’ll explore the fascinating history and heritage of Port wine while visiting the cellars. You will get to learn about the winemaking process, from the grape harvest to the careful aging techniques that give Port wine its distinctive character.
You will also get to indulge in seven wine tastings throughout the tour. From the smooth and velvety Tawny Ports to the rich and full-bodied Vintage Ports, each sip offers a new experience. Expert sommeliers will guide you through the tastings, teaching you about each wine you are trying.
Don’t forget Lisbon when it comes to both wine and food. The capital has so much to offer when it comes to wine experiences, often paired with authentic food, such as the following Lisbon Portuguese Food and Wine tour.
Led by local guide, this tour takes you on a gastronomic journey through Lisbon’s charming neighborhoods, where you’ll get to try traditional food and wine in some of the most local restaurants.
As you venture through the city, your guide will share fascinating stories and insights about Portuguese wine and cuisine traditions. You’ll gain a deeper understanding of the ingredients, flavors, and techniques that make Portuguese gastronomy so unique.
You will get to sample mouthwatering local cheeses, savory cured meats, and freshly baked bread, as well as larger meals. You’ll have the opportunity to taste a variety of exceptional Portuguese wines, carefully selected to complement the flavors of the dishes. From crisp Vinho Verde to robust Douro reds, each sip offers a glimpse into the country’s rich winemaking heritage.
During this 3-hour Porto tasting, you will discover the delicious flavors of Porto, exploring local markets and restaurants while learning about the wine and food traditions of the city with a local guide. Your guide will introduce you to the region’s rich food culture, sharing stories about the ingredients, traditions, and flavors that define Portuguese cuisine.
This is not just a food tour, but also a wine experience. Throughout the tour, you’ll have the opportunity to savor a selection of exquisite Portuguese wines, carefully selected to complement the flavors of the dishes. From refreshing Vinho Verde to the world-famous Port wine, each sip offers a delightful harmony of tastes and aromas.
Travel along Europe’s largest bridge to the beautiful regions of Arrabida and Sesimbra for a day trip with a wine tasting on this tour. This tour allows you to enjoy delicious wine, whilst also exploring these regions on the Portuguese coastline toward the Arrabida Natural Park.
Prepare to fall in love with the breathtaking views of rolling hills andcliffs, as well as blue watered beaches. The region’s unique combination of lush greenery and blue waters creates a stunning view.
Your guide will teach you about the history and culture of the areas as you explore its hidden gems. You will get to visit Sesimbra, a charming fishing village with a rich maritime heritage. Stroll along its picturesque streets, admire the colorful boats bobbing in the harbor, and capture postcard-worthy views of the Atlantic Ocean.
Another popular Douro Valley tour from Porto, this experience allows you to enjoy a full day of vineyard hopping on a river cruise with lunch and wine tasting.
Your your begins with a comfortable ride through the picturesque countryside, allowing you to admire the rolling hills and terraced vineyards of the Douro Valley. Throughtout the ride, your guide will tell you all about the traditions and winemaking techniques that have made this region a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Your first stop is a prestigious winery, where you’ll have the opportunity to taste a variety of Douro Valley wines with expert sommeliers. After the wine tasting, it’s time for a traditional lunch at a local restaurant. Indulge in a traditional Portuguese meal, featuring fresh and local ingredients.
You will then get to enjoy the Douro River with a scenic cruise surrounded by breathtaking landscapes for one hour. You will get to see another Douro vineyard getting transported back to Porto comfortably!
For a unique experience, embark on this Port wine walking tour of Porto where you will get to stop at incredible wine cellars with a local guide. In a small group setting, this tour allows you to curate a personalized experience if you wish.
Your guide will share captivating stories and insights about the city’s wine history and culture. You will get to learn about the origins of Port wine, its production methods, and the unique characteristics that have made it famous worldwide.
You will also get to visit traditional wine cellars, where rows of oak barrels hold incredible aging wines. Throughout the tour, you’ll have the opportunity to sample a variety of Port wines, carefully selected to showcase the diverse range of styles and flavors.
Located in the heart of Portugal’s Ribatejo region, the historic town of Tomar is a hidden gem just waiting to be discovered. Home to unique medieval architecture and quaint streets, Tomar is a must-visit destination for any traveler exploring central Portugal. But with so many accommodation options available, finding the right hotel can be a challenge. Luckily, we’ve got you covered with the 4 best hotels in Tomar.
A 5-star hotel, Hotel Republica offers 19 suites and rooms, many with stunning views of the city and a patio. The hotel features a restaurant, room service, as well as 24-front desk service. The gorgeous rooms have a desk, kettle, minibar, safety deposit box, and a flat-screen TV.
A 4-star hotel, Casa dos Oficios is located close to Capela da Nossa Senhora da Conceicao and boasts a bar and lounge with views of the city. The hotel offers suites and family rooms with a desk, coffee machine, minibar, and more. Guests can also enjoy breakfast in bed with the hotel’s excellent room service.
Thomar Boutique Hotel is a 4-star establishment in a traditional house featuring a bar and terrace for guests to enjoy. The rooms include air conditioning, a flat-screen TV, a game console, a private bathroom, and more for a luxurious experience. Some rooms feature a balcony with river views. The hotel has a 24-hour front desk service available, as well as room service and airport transfer.
A 4-star hotel, Hotel Dos Templarios is a luxurious hotel featuring a spa, magnificent indoor pool, and lagoon-style outdoor pool providing views of Tomar Citadel. The hotel offers large rooms with balconies overlooking the river, equipped with a private bathroom with a bathtub, minibar, and cable TV. The spa includes dry and wet saunas and guests can book a massage or treatment.
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